Description
Pears are trees that come from tropical climates in Western Europe, Asia and North Africa. Tree-altitude being, can reach 10-17 meters but most species are short trees with lush leaves.
Criss-cross leaves, oval-shaped wide but can also form long longitudinal (lanceolate) slender. The length between 2 to 12 cm. In most species, leaf green shiny or slightly hairy silver. Most of the trees shed their leaves in winter (deciduous) with the exception of two species of Southeast Asian Pears evergreen year-round (evergreen).
The tree is very resistant to freeze in the winter weather up to -25 ° C and -40 ° C except for evergreen species are resistant only to cool to -15 ° C.
Flowers bloom in about April, was white with a slight accent of yellow or pink. Flowers consist of 5 petals. Flower diameter between 2 to 4 cm. Type of fruit pome fruit with a diameter of 1-4 cm in the wild species, while the cultivated trees produce large pear with a size of up to 18 × 8 cm. Fruit shape varied, most species produce fruit is round. Some species such as European pear shaped fruit growing on the bottom and thinner at the base of the fruit. Fruit ready for harvest in early autumn.
There are about 30 species of trees of the genus Pyrus:
Amygdaliformis Pyrus - Pear Almond-leafed
Austriaca Pyrus - Pear Austria
Pyrus balansae
Pyrus betulifolia
Bourgaeana Pyrus - Pear Iberia
Bretschneideri Pyrus - Pear Yes
Pyrus calleryana - Callery Pear
Caucasica Pyrus - Pear Cacasia
Pyrus communis - European Pears
Pyrus cordata - Pears Plymouth
Cossonii Pyrus - Pear Algeria
Pyrus elaeagrifolia - Oleaster-leafed Pear
Pyrus fauriei
Pyrus kawakamii - Evergreen Pear
Pyrus korshinskyi
Pyrus lindleyi
Pyrus nivalis - Snow Pears
Pashia Pyrus - Pear Afghan
Pyrus persica
Pyrus phaeocarpa
Pyraster Pyrus - Pear wild
Pyrus pyrifolia - Nashi Pears
Pyrus regelii
Pyrus salicifolia - Willow-leafed Pear
Pyrus salvifolia - Sage-leafed Pear
Pyrus serrulata
Pyrus syriaca
Ussuriensis Pyrus - Pear Siberia
Sinkiangensis Pyrus - Pear or Pear Xinjiang Xiang Li
Benefit
Pear tree is a plant food source for larvae of some Lepidoptera species.
Several species of pear and kultivarnya is the mainstay of agricultural commodities, for example:
- European pears (Pyrus communis) are commonly grown in Europe and North America
- Ya Pear (Pyrus bretschneideri) known as Pir Shandong or Hebei Pear
- Nashi pears (Pyrus pyrifolia) are commonly grown in East Asia and is known by various names: Sand Pear, Asian Pear, Pears Apples, Pears Japanese, Korean pear or Taiwan Pear.
Indonesia is one of the largest importing country Xiang Li pear (Pyrus sinkiangensis) from Xinjiang province, China.
Some species are used as an ornamental plant or as a rootstock (rootstock) for species of European Pears and Asian Pears. Siberian Pear (Pyrus ussuriensis) whose fruits are not good to eat crossed with European Pears to produce pest-resistant cultivars.
Callery Pear (Pyrus calleryana) or Bradford Pear widely planted as an ornamental plant in North America. Pyrus salicifolia which has a green tree leaves and silver is also widely planted as an ornamental plant.
Pears can be eaten fresh, processed as canned fruit, juice and sometimes as dried fruit. Pear juice is the basic ingredient jelly or jam though often mixed with other fruit juices. Fermented pear juice is called perry.
The immature pear fruit if eaten can supposedly make it easier to defecate (have a laxative effect), while the ripe pear fruit have diuretic effect and is likely to make people sleepy. Pears contain sorbitol so that when eaten too much can cause bloating in the stomach and cause flatulence.
Pear tree wood is great for carving is made of materials, furniture and wind instruments with high standards. Small pieces of pear tree wood good for cooking with fumigation technique for removing a fragrant aroma. Grated pears can also be used as a meat tenderizer before cooking.
Article source:
http://id.wikipedia.org
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